background and objectives: dna ladder contains dna fragments of different length but with known size, used to determine the size of unknown dna molecules. different dna ladders are available for expected dna length. conserved sequences were selected for design of primers to generate dna fragments of known specific size. materials and methods: in this study, we describe a method by which dna lad...

DNA ladder is commonly used to determine the size of DNA fragments by electrophoresis in routine molecular biology laboratories. In this study, we report a new procedure to prepare a DNA ladder that consists of 10 fragments from 100 to 1000 bp. This protocol is a combination of routinely employed methods: cloning, PCR, and partial digestion with restriction enzymes. DNA fragments of 100 bp with...

background gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide. lentinan was shown to induce apoptosis in gastric cancer cells and could be used for the treatment of gastric cancer. objectives in this study, we analyzed anticancer effect of lentinan, a fungal β-glucan, on the gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (ags). materials and methods we used the dna ladder and tunnel app...

INTRODUCTION A growing interest in apoptosis, programmed cell death, in the last years is observed and leads to better understanding of molecular mechanisms during cell-cell signaling, cell-environment interaction and screening of drugs. This in turn results in emerging of new assays and development of more accurate kits for fast and early detection of apoptosis. However, their sensitivity and ...

An interesting smooth blocked nanopore and corresponding "current ladder" phenomenon was observed in DNA translocation experiments through solid-state nanopores. The ionic current shows several drop steps (current levels in the current ladder) with an identical drop interval, which corresponds to an individual unfolded DNA translocation event. This indicates that multiple anchored DNA molecules...

DNA size markers (ladder) are essential tools in molecular biology, genetics and biotechnology. In this study, a simple and cost-effective method for laboratory production of DNA ladders is introduced. For this purpose, different sizes of 100 to 2000 bp DNA segments were designed using PCR technique. For producing 14 different gene fragments as DNA molecular weight markers, recombinant plasmid ...

In pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) a lambda ladder (-50 kbp multiples) Is a common DNA size standard (1). Here we describe a standard to conveniently size DNA between ladder rungs and to control for anomalies in PFGE DNA mobility. We combine two partial digests of lambda ladders to give a regularly spaced standard with -10 kbp resolution In the 10 to 200 kbp range. METHOD Lambda ladder ...

DNA size markers are widely used to estimate the size of DNA samples on agarose or polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis (PAGE). DNA markers can be prepared by mixing PCR products with definite sizes.Alternatively, they are prepared by restriction enzyme digestion of the genomic DNA of bacteriophages ornatural and synthetic DNA plasmids. The present study describes engineering of ...